International Computer Science Teachers Week (14–20 December 2025)

International Computer Science Teachers Week (14–20 December 2025)

Online Article, Essay, Poster & Banner Writing Competition

Dear Students,

As you know, 19 December is celebrated as International Computer Science Teachers Day, and this year, 14–20 December 2025 will be observed as International Computer Science Teachers Week. As part of the celebration of International Computer Science Teachers Week (14–20 December 2025), we are organizing an Online Article, Essay, Poster, and Banner Writing Competition.

🎯 Competition Categories

Article Writing – Topic related to Computer Science, Technology, AI, or Digital Innovation.

Essay Writing – 400–600 words on themes such as the role of CS teachers, impact of technology, future of computing, etc.

Digital Poster/Banner Making – Themes:

• International Computer Science Teachers Week
• Artificial Intelligence
• Cyber Safety
• Coding Culture
• Digital Empowerment

📅 Important Details

Mode: Online Submission

Last Date for Registration: 12 December 2025

Submission Deadline: 18 December 2025

Result Announcement: 19 December 2025

📌 Registration

Students who wish to participate must register using the link below on or before 06 December 2025.

Registration Link: 

https://docs.google.com/forms/u/3/d/10zBu-8N6q0x2eVQwtUjz3zARbPcbbAns44C5RpUD0Ik/preview

We encourage all interested students to showcase their creativity, digital skills, and knowledge of Computer Science.

Let’s celebrate this week with innovation, inspiration, and enthusiasm!

All teachers are requested to kindly share this information in their respective schools as well.

Winners of the competition will be awarded prizes and certificates for their outstanding performance.

Students are requested to email their articles, essays, digital posters/banners, etc. to

support@spsharmag.com

 in any of the following formats: WORD / PDF / JPG / PNG before or on 18 Dec 2025

– Computer Science Department

आइये हम स्वयं को "Re-Routing" मोड पर रखें

Life Lesson छुपा है Google Maps में, पढ़िए ज़रूर 👇

री-रूटिंग :

Re-Routing : 

क्या आपने गौर किया है कि अगर आप गलत मोड़ लेते है, तो Google मानचित्र कभी भी चिल्लाता नहीं है, निंदा या आपको डांटता नहीं है।

यह कभी अपनी आवाज ऊँची नहीं करता और न ही ये कहता है, "आपको आखिरी क्रॉसिंग पर बाएं जाना था, बेवकूफ! अब आपको लंबा रास्ता तय करना होगा और इसमें आपको बहुत अधिक समय लगने वाला है और आपको देर होने वाली है

ध्यान दें

"अगर उसने ऐसा किया, तो संभावना काफी है कि हम में से बहुत से लोग इसका इस्तेमाल करना बंद कर सकते हैं"

Google केवल "री-रूट" करता है, और आपको वहां पहुंचने का अगला सबसे अच्छा तरीका दिखाता है

इसकी प्राथमिक रुचि आपको अपने लक्ष्य तक पहुँचाने में है, न कि आपको गलती करने के लिए बुरा महसूस कराने में

इसी में, बहुत बढ़िया सबक है।

अपनी निराशा और क्रोध को उन लोगों पर उतारना आसान है, जिन्होंने गलती की है, विशेष रूप से उन लोगों पर जो हमारे करीबी और परिचित हैं, लेकिन सबसे अच्छा विकल्प समस्या को ठीक करने में मदद करना है, दोष देना नहीं।

क्या आपके पास हाल ही में री-रूटिंग क्षण थे ?

औरों के साथ भी और अपनों के साथ भी ?

अपने बच्चों, जीवनसाथी, टीम के साथी और उन सभी लोगों के लिए Google मानचित्र बनें, जो आपके लिए मायने रखते हैं और जिनकी आपको परवाह है।

आइये हम स्वयं को "Re-Routing" मोड पर रखें, जीवन को सृजनात्मक और सकारात्मक बनाये।

S P SHARMA SIR

#spsharmag🙏

6. A school stores records of Class XII students using a list that contains multiple lists as its elements.

 A school stores records of Class XII students using a list that contains multiple lists as its elements. The structure of each such element is [Student_Name, Marks, MainSubject]. Crate user-defined functions to perform the operations as mentioned below:

(a) Push_student(): To push the Student_Name and Marks of all those students, who have Science as MainSubject, into a Stack StudentInfo

(b) Pop_student(): To delete all items (one at a time) from the stack StudentInfo in LIFO order and display them. Also display "Empty Stack" when there are no items remaining in the stack.

For Example:

If the stored information is:

[['Akansha',98,"Mathematics"],["Priti",96,"Science"],["Garima",99,"Science"],["Ayushi",78,"English"]]

The stack should contain:

[['Priti', 96], ['Garima', 99]]

The output should be:

["Garima",99]

["Priti",96]

Empty Stack

Solution:

def Push_student():

    for S in L:

        if S[2]=="Science":

            StudentInfo.append([S[0],S[1]])

    print(StudentInfo)

    

def Pop_student():

    while StudentInfo!=[]:

        print(StudentInfo.pop())

    else:

        print("Stack is Empty")

Push_student()

Pop_student()

8. Write a program in Python to input 5 words and push them one by one into a list named All.

  Write a program in Python to input 5 words and push them one by one into a list named All.

The program should then use the function PushNV() to create a stack of words in the list NoVowel so that it store only those words which do not have any vowel present in it, from the list All.

Thereafter, pop each word from the list NoVowel and display the popped word. When the stack is empty display the message 'EmptyStack'.

For Example:

If the words accepted and pushed into the list All are

['DRY','LIKE','RHYTHM','WORK','GYM']

Then the stack NoVowel should store

['DRY','RHYTHM','GYM']

And the output should be displayed as

GYM 

RHYTHM 

DRY 

EmptyStack

Solution:

Words=[]

for i in range(5):

    w=input("Enter any word: ")

    Words.append(w)

print(Words)

Stk=[]

V='aeiouAEIOU'

def  PushNV():

    for w in Words:

        c=0

        for v in V:

            if v in w:

                c=c+1

        if c==0:

            Stk.append(w)

def PopNV():

    while Stk!=[]:

        print(Stk.pop())

    else:

        print("Stack is Empty")

PushNV()

PopNV()

5. Priyanka has created a dictionary 'emeployee_data' containing EmpCode and Salary as key value pairs

 Priyanka has created a dictionary 'emeployee_data' containing EmpCode and Salary as key value pairs for 5 Employees of Cyber Intratech. Write a program, With separate user defined function, as mentioned below, to perform the following operations:

(a)  push_emp(): Push all those EmpCode, where the Salary is less than 25000, from the dictionary into a stack 'stk_emp'

(b)  pop_emp(): Remove all the elements from the stack, one at a time, in a Last-In-First-Out(LIFO) manner and displays them. It also displays 'Stack is empty' once all the element have been removed.

For Example:

If the sample content of the dictionary is as follows:

{'E001':15000,'E002':27000,'E003':30000,'E004':15000,'E005':19000}, then the stack 'stk_emp' will contain EmpCode E001, E004, E005 after push_emp(). pop_emp() will pop and display employee record in LIFO fashion and display 'Stack is empty' at last.

Solution:

stk_emp=[]

employee_data={'E001':15000,'E002':27000,'E003':30000,'E004':15000,'E005':19000}

def push_emp():

    for k in employee_data.keys():

        if employee_data[k]<25000:

            stk_emp.append(k)

def pop_emp():

    while stk_emp!=[]:

        print(stk_emp.pop())

    else:

        print("Stack is Empty")

push_emp()

pop_emp()

3. Write a program in Python, with separate user defined functions to perform the following operations on Stack 'City'.

Write a program in Python, with separate user defined functions to perform the following operations on Stack 'City'.

(a) - Push the pin code and name of the city in the stack 'City'

(b) - Display the latest added element in the stack 'City'

Solutions:

City=[]

data=[['Delhi',110001],['Sonipat',152364],['Khatauli',251201]]

def Push_City():

    for i in data:

        City.append(i)

    

def Display_City():

    L=len(City)

    print(City[L-1])

Push_City()

Display_City()

2. A School has created a dictionary containing top players and their runs as key value pairs of cricket team.

 A School has created a dictionary containing top players and their runs as key value pairs of cricket team. Write a program with separate user defined functions to perform the following operations:

(a)    Push the name of the players(Keys) of the dictionary into a stack, where the corresponding runs (value) is greater than 49.

(b)    Pop and display the content of the stack.

For Example

If dictionary has the following values:

Data={'Rohan':40, 'Rihaan':55, 'Tejas':80,'Ajay':90}

The output should be:

Ajay

Tejas

Rihaan

Solutions

S=[]

Data={'Rohan':40, 'Rihaan':55, 'Tejas':80,'Ajay':90}

def Push_Player():

    for k in Data.keys():

        if Data[k]>49:

            S.append(k)

def Pop_Player():

    while S!=[]:

        print(S.pop())

    else:

        print("Stack is Empty")

Push_Player()

Pop_Player()

1. Suppose L = [3, 4, 5, 20, 4, 5], What is L after L.pop()?

 1. Suppose L = [3, 4, 5, 20, 4, 5], What is L after L.pop()?

1. [3,4,5,20,4]
2. [3,5,20,4,5]
3. [3,5,20,5]
4. Error

Ans: 

1. [3, 4, 5, 20, 4]

Explanation:

>>> L = [3, 4, 5, 20, 4, 5]

>>> L.pop()

5

>>> L

[3, 4, 5, 20, 4]

How to Host Multiple Next.js Applications on a Single VM with Nginx and Custom Domains

 If you're working with multiple Next.js applications and want to host them all on a single virtual machine (VM) while assigning different domains or subdomains to each, this guide is for you. We'll walk through setting up PM2, Nginx, domain pointing, and even HTTPS using Let's Encrypt.

---

🧱 Step 1: Set Up Each Next.js Application

1. Build Each App

First, navigate to each app directory and build it for production:

# App 1
cd /path/to/your/nextjs-app1
npm install
npm run build

# App 2
cd /path/to/your/nextjs-app2
npm install
npm run build

# App 3
cd /path/to/your/nextjs-app3
npm install
npm run build

2. Manage Your Apps Using PM2

Create an ecosystem.config.js file to manage your apps:

module.exports = {
  apps: [
    {
      name: "app1",
      script: "npm",
      args: "run start",
      cwd: "/path/to/your/nextjs-app1",
      env: {
        NODE_ENV: "production",
        PORT: 4300
      }
    },
    {
      name: "app2",
      script: "npm",
      args: "run start",
      cwd: "/path/to/your/nextjs-app2",
      env: {
        NODE_ENV: "production",
        PORT: 4301
      }
    },
    {
      name: "app3",
      script: "npm",
      args: "run start",
      cwd: "/path/to/your/nextjs-app3",
      env: {
        NODE_ENV: "production",
        PORT: 4302
      }
    }
  ]
};

Start all apps using PM2:

pm2 start ecosystem.config.js

---

🌐 Step 2: Install and Configure Nginx

1. Install Nginx

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx

2. Create Nginx Configuration for Each Domain

Create a configuration file for each app in /etc/nginx/sites-available/.

Example: app1.yourdomain.com

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name app1.yourdomain.com ;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:3000;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
    }
}

Repeat the same for other domains like app2.yourdomain.com and app3.yourdomain.com using the corresponding ports.

3. Enable the Sites

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/app1.yourdomain.com  /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/app2.yourdomain.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/app3.yourdomain.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

4. Test and Restart Nginx

sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl restart nginx

---

🌍 Step 3: Point Your Domains to the VM

Log in to your domain provider (e.g., GoDaddy, Namecheap) and update the DNS records:

app1.yourdomain.com     →     [Your VM IP]
app2.yourdomain.com       →     [Your VM IP]
app3.yourdomain.com       →     [Your VM IP]

Add A records for each subdomain, pointing to the public IP of your VM.

---

🔐 Step 4: Enable SSL with Let's Encrypt (Recommended)

1. Install Certbot

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx

2. Obtain SSL Certificates

sudo certbot --nginx -d upload.inditechit.com -d app2.yourdomain.com -d app3.yourdomain.com

Follow the prompts to complete the setup.

3. Test Renewal (Optional)

sudo certbot renew --dry-run

---

✅ Done!

Now you have multiple Next.js apps running on a single VM, each served on a custom domain with HTTPS. Nginx handles the routing via reverse proxy, while PM2 keeps your apps alive and running in the background.

Class 12 Computer Science 2025 CBSE Question Paper Solution

SECTION - A

1-False

2-C-20

3-D-ValueError

4-B-Break

5-B

6-D

7-is

8-A

9-A-UNIQUE

10-A - 25$$15

11-B

12-A-dict()

13-A-UPDATE

14-B-count()

15-C-FLOAT

16-True

17-C-Repeater

18-D-VoIP

19-Advanced Research Project Agency Network

20-C

21-B

SECTION - B

22:

The return statement in a function is used to send a value back to the caller. If a function does not have a return statement, it returns None by default.

def square(num):

    return num * num

result = square(5)

print(result)  # Output: 25

23.

(i) Syntax Error in Python:

A Syntax Error in Python occurs when the code violates the rules of the Python language. These errors prevent the program from running because Python cannot interpret the incorrect syntax.

Example of Syntax Errors:

• Missing or Mismatched Parentheses
• Misuse of Keywords
• Incorrect Indentation
• Using Reserved Keywords as Variable Names
• Missing Colon (:) in Control Statements

(ii) Implicit Type Conversion in Python:

Implicit Type Conversion, also known as Type Promotion, occurs when Python automatically converts one data type into another without explicit intervention by the programmer. 

Example: Integer to Float Conversion

a = 10      # Integer

b = 2.5     # Float

c = a + b   # Integer is automatically converted to Float

print(c)    # Output: 12.5

print(type(c))  # Output: <class 'float'>

24 (i)

(a) D['Raj']

(b) len(D1)

(ii) 

(a) D1.update(D)

(b) D1.pop('Amit')   OR  del D1['Amit']

25 - A - Spade#Diamond

26

def Sum(N):

    S=0

    for I in range(1,N+1):

        S=S+I

    return S

print(Sum(10))

first line me last me : add hoga

second line add hogi S=0

range me (1,N+1) likha jayega isme (0, N+1) bhi likh sakte hai

print wali line me ) add hoga

27 (i)

(a) EMPNO

(b) NOT NULL

(ii) 

(a) Alter table EMPLOYEES modify column BASICSAL float(7,2);

(b) drop table EMPLOYEES

28 

(a) URL - Uniform Resource Locator

(b) PPP - Point to Point Protocol

PPP is a data link layer protocol used to establish a direct connection between two network nodes primarily for dial-up internet access, DSL and VPNs

SECTION - C

31

(a) The new string is: g0n2Ge

(b) 

SYNTAX ERROR of Indentation in the for loop

OR

(If Syntax Error will remove output should be)

[1, 2, 3]

['ONE', 'TWO', 'THREE']

{1: 'ONE', 2: 'TWO', 3: 'THREE'}

SECTION - D

32.

(a)

(i) Select  WNAME, WAGE from worker where WAGE between 800 and 1500;

(ii) Select * from worker where SITEID is NULL;

(iii)  Select WNAME, WAGE, HOURS from worker where TYPE = "Skilled";

(iv) Update worker set WAGE=1200 where TYPE="Semiskilled";

(b)

(i)

 wname   | wage*hours |

+---------+------------+

| Ahmed J |     300000 |

| Anju S  |     156000 |

+---------+------------

(ii)

count(distinct type) |

+----------------------+

|                    3 |

+----------------------

(iii)

max(wage) | min(wage) | type        |

+-----------+-----------+-------------+

|      1500 |       780 | Unskilled   |

|      1200 |       520 | Skilled     |

|      1200 |      1200 | Semiskilled

(iv)

+---------+--------+

| wname   | siteid |

+---------+--------+

| Jacob B |    101 |

| Ahmed J |    103 |

+---------+--------+

34.

(i)  Select * from Articles order by price desc;

(ii) Select * from Articles where YEAR(DOC)= 2020;

(iii) DESC Artists;

(iv)

(a) Select Artists.Name from Articles Join Artists on Articles.A_Code=Artists.A_code Where Articles.Article='Painting';

(b) Select Name from Articles natural join artists where article = 'Painting';

SECTION - E

(i) Server should be placed in PSYCHIATRY Block, because it has the maximum number of computers

(ii) Switch

(iii)

Star Topology based on Server location

OR you can design using BUS topology for minimum distance

(iv)  Router should be placed in PSYCHIATRY Block

(v) 

(a) Telnet

(b) LAN